Science
The research the BLOCKS assistant answers from: 1,148 studies and 82 guides, each graded for how strong the evidence is and who it was measured on, with a link to the original paper.
1,148 entries
A-Which Training Intensity Distribution Intervention will Produce the Greatest Improvements in Maximal Oxygen Uptake and Time-Trial Performance in Endurance Athletes? A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis of Individual Participant DataRosenblat 2025B+Aerobic high-intensity intervals improve VO2max more than moderate trainingHelgerud 2007A-The Additional Effect of Training Above the Maximal Metabolic Steady State on VO2peak, Wpeak and Time-Trial Performance in Endurance-Trained Athletes: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Reality CheckRosenblat 2023B+Long-Term Development of Training Characteristics and Performance-Determining Factors in Elite/International and World-Class Endurance Athletes: A Scoping ReviewStaff 2023B+Elite Aerobic Endurance Performance: Is It Really Related to Lactate Threshold Expressed Relative to Peak Oxygen Uptake?Johansen 2025C+Fractional Utilization of V̇O2maxA Key Performance Determinant in Endurance Sports?Sondermann 2026A-Long-term static stretching can decrease muscle stiffness: A systematic review and meta-analysisTakeuchi 2023A-Do thermal agents affect range of movement and mechanical properties in soft tissues? A systematic reviewBleakley & Costello 2013C+Aggravation of exercise-induced intestinal injury by ibuprofen in athletesVan Wijck 2012AInternational Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: ProbioticsJäger 2019BLow FODMAP: A Preliminary Strategy to Reduce Gastrointestinal Distress in AthletesLis 2018BTwo weeks of repetitive gut-challenge reduce exercise-associated gastrointestinal symptoms and malabsorptionMiall 2017B+Gut-training: the impact of two weeks repetitive gut-challenge during exercise on gastrointestinal status, glucose availability, fuel kinetics, and running performanceCosta 2017BDaily training with high carbohydrate availability increases exogenous carbohydrate oxidation during endurance cyclingCox 2010C+Strategies to improve running economyBarnes & Kilding 2014BEstimation of hand forces and propelling efficiency during front crawl swimming with hand paddlesGourgoulis 2008B+The treatment of medial tibial stress syndrome in athletes; a randomized clinical trialMoen 2012A-Effects of Evening Exercise on Sleep in Healthy Participants: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisStutz 2018BCaffeine effects on sleep taken 0, 3, or 6 hours before going to bedDrake 2013B+Sleep and the athlete: narrative review and 2021 expert consensus recommendationsWalsh 2020B+Defining the "dose" of altitude training: how high to live for optimal sea level performance enhancementChapman 2014B+Iron absorption from oral iron supplements given on consecutive versus alternate days and as single morning doses versus twice-daily split dosing in iron-depleted women: two open-label, randomised controlled trialsStoffel 2017BPre-Altitude Serum Ferritin Levels and Daily Oral Iron Supplement Dose Mediate Iron Parameter and Hemoglobin Mass Responses to Altitude ExposureGovus 2015BOne hour of internal precooling with cold water/menthol enhances cycling performance in a heat/wet stress environment: A pilot studyRinaldi 2023BPhysical and Perceptual Cooling with Beverages to Increase Cycle Performance in a Tropical ClimateRiera 2014BPerceptual, Thermoregulatory, and Performance Effects of Menthol Gel Application in Trained Triathletes Exercising in Hot ConditionsBarwood 2025BEnhancement of Exercise Capacity in the Heat With Repeated Menthol-Spray ApplicationBarwood 2019A-Effects of different menthol administration routes on endurance performance and physiological responses in the heat: a network meta-analysisZhu 2026A-Acute topical menthol application and exercise performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis of perceptual and physiological responsesWang 2026A-How Cool is That? The Effects of Menthol Mouth Rinsing on Exercise Capacity and Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysisGavel 2024A-The effects of menthol on exercise performance and thermal sensation: A meta-analysisJeffries & Waldron 2019BLongitudinal assessment of total daily energy expenditure in professional cyclists supports a maximal sustainable metabolic ceilingVan Hooren 2026BUltra-endurance athletes and the metabolic ceilingBest 2025BExtreme events reveal an alimentary limit on sustained maximal human energy expenditureThurber 2019BCarbohydrate mouth rinse and performance in cyclists: effects of different types of carbohydrates and the placebo effect induced by mouth rinseMendonça 2026BBody Image, Disordered Eating, and Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport Risk in Female Athletes: Associations Across Psychological and Behavioral FactorsWilliamson & Hannah 2026B+The effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on exercise-induced oxidative stress and related physiological outcomes in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysisLu 2026C+Effects of exercise followed by a low-carbohydrate diet on peak fat oxidation and mitochondrial coupling control and efficiency in healthy trained menLange 2026BEffect of run vs combined cycle/run training on VO2max and running performanceMutton 1993B+Effects of specific versus cross-training on running performanceFoster 1995